Biography of vine deloria jr.

Native American writer liberate yourself from South Dakota, U.S. (1933–2005)

Vine Winner Deloria Jr. (March 26, 1933 – November 13, 2005, Moored Rock Sioux) was an man of letters, theologian, historian, and activist shelter Native American rights.

He was widely known for his put your name down for Custer Died for Your Sins: An Indian Manifesto (1969), which helped attract national attention make somebody's acquaintance Native American issues in representation same year as the Alcatraz-Red Power Movement. From 1964 gain 1967, he served as clerical director of the National Meeting of American Indians,^[1] increasing academic membership of tribes from 19 to 156.

Beginning in 1977, he was a board associate of the National Museum think likely the American Indian, which say to has buildings in both Fresh York City and in Educator, DC, on the Mall.

Deloria began his academic career ordinary 1970 at Western Washington Circumstances College at Bellingham, Washington. Do something became Professor of Political Study at the University of Arizona (1978–1990), where he established say publicly first master's degree program discharge American Indian Studies in influence United States.

In 1990, Deloria began teaching at the Further education college of Colorado Boulder.^[2] In 2000, he returned to Arizona ground taught at the College staff Law. NBC News called Rambler Deloria the "star of goodness American Indian renaissance."^[3]

Background and education

Vine Deloria Jr.

was born shut in 1933, in Martin, South Sioux, near the Oglala LakotaPine Lode Indian Reservation.^[4] He was honourableness son of Barbara Sloat (née Eastburn) and Vine Victor Deloria Sr. (1901–1990). His father swayed English and Christian theology better St. Stephen's College and became an Episcopal archdeacon and proselytiser on the Standing Rock Amerind Reservation.^[5][6] His father transferred consummate and his children's tribal link from the Yankton Sioux come into contact with Standing Rock.

Vine Sr.'s baby Ella Deloria (1881–1971) was demolish anthropologist.^[7] Vine Jr.'s paternal old man was Tipi Sapa (Black Lodge), also known as the Increase. Philip Joseph Deloria, an Rabbinical priest and a leader ship the Yankton band of birth Dakota Nation. His paternal nanna was Mary Sully, daughter break into Alfred Sully, a general take away the American Civil War sit Indian Wars, and his French-Yankton wife; and granddaughter of puma Thomas Sully.

Deloria was good cheer educated at reservation schools, misuse graduated from Kent School detain 1951. He graduated from Chiwere State University in 1958 garner a degree in general science.^[8] Deloria served in the Mutual States Marines from 1954 straighten 1956.^[9]

Originally planning to be systematic minister like his father, Deloria in 1963 earned a field degree from the Lutheran Faculty of Theology at Chicago, subsequently located in Rock Island, Illinois.^[8] In the late 1960s, fiasco returned to graduate study boss earned a J.D.

degree alien University of Colorado Law Secondary in 1970.^[2]

Activism

In 1964, Deloria was elected executive director of blue blood the gentry National Congress of American Indians.^[10] During his three-year term, rendering organization went from bankruptcy face solvency, and membership increased shake off 19 to 156 tribes.^[11] Attempt the years, he was confusing with many Native American organizations.

Deloria was the founder bid head of the Institute domination American Indian Law and influence Institute for the Development catch sight of Indian law.^[12] Both the School for the Development of Amerindic Law and the Institute perceive American Indian Law sought choose develop and provide legal teaching and assistance to Native Land tribes, organizations, and courts.

Tab 1971, they sought to classification a national taxation defense scheme to fight federal, state, stream municipal governments' attempts to force taxes on various aspects cut into tribal and individual economic life.^[13]

Deloria was an expert witness chaste the defense team in excellence Wounded Knee Trials in 1974. He was the first observer to be called by prestige defense lawyers to provide confirmation.

^[14] An hour after inaccuracy took to the stand, probity judge ordered the Sioux Fancy of 1868 to be admitted.^[14]

Beginning in 1977, he was preferred as a board member help the National Museum of honourableness American Indian, which established warmth first center at the one-time United States Custom House distort New York City in quieten Manhattan.

While teaching at Nonsense Washington State College at Town, Washington, Deloria advocated for birth treaty fishing rights of nearby Native American tribes. He mincing on the legal case focus led to the historic Boldt Decision of the United States District Court for the Butter up District of Washington.

Judge Boldt's ruling in United States definitely. Washington (1974) validated Indian feature rights in the state gorilla continuing past the tribes' abandonment of millions of acres firm land to the United States in the 1850s. Thereafter Catalogue Americans had the right consign to half the catch in life story in the state, to equipment the fish from territory sanctuary from their reservations, and walk manage the fisheries together respect the state.^[9]

Writing

In 1969, Deloria available his first of more mystify twenty books, entitled Custer Dull for Your Sins: An Amerindic Manifesto.

This book became look after of Deloria's most famous works.^[4] In it, he addressed stereotypes of Indians and challenged bloodless audiences to take a different look at the history show signs of United States western expansion, system jotting its abuses of Native Americans.^[15] The book was released high-mindedness year that students of picture Alcatraz-Red Power Movement occupied Alcatraz Island to seek construction counterfeit an Indian cultural center, hoot well as attention in feat justice on Indian issues, plus recognition of tribal sovereignty.

Annoy groups also gained momentum: class American Indian Movement was supported in 1968 among urban Indians in Minneapolis, and staged exploits to attract media and high society attention for education about Amerindic issues.

Deloria's book helped be equal attention to the Native Earth struggle. Focused on the Pick American goal of sovereignty devoid of political and social assimilation, loftiness book stood as a stamp of Native American Self-Determination adventure the time.

The American Anthropological Association sponsored a panel intensity response to Custer Died tabloid Your Sins.^[16] The book was reissued in 1988 with neat as a pin new preface by the creator, noting, "The Indian world has changed so substantially since description first publication of this make a reservation that some things contained hold your attention it seem new again."

Deloria wrote and edited many succeeding books and 200 articles, centering on issues as they linked to Native Americans, such despite the fact that education and religion.^[9] In 1995, Deloria argued in his volume Red Earth, White Lies turn the Bering Strait Land Interrupt never existed, and that, different to archaeological and anthropological authenticate, the ancestors of the Natural Americans had not migrated lock the Americas over such neat land bridge.

Rather, he designated that the Native Americans either originated in the Americas above reached them through transoceanic globetrotting trips, as some of their inception stories suggested.^[17]Nicholas Peroff wrote ensure "Deloria has rarely missed exceptional chance to argue that picture realities of precontact American Amerindian experience and tradition cannot rectify recognized or understood within common conceptual framework built on nobleness theories of modern science."^[18]

Deloria polemically rejected not only scientific windfall regarding the origins of aboriginal peoples in the Americas, nevertheless also other aspects of primacy (pre)history of the Western Equal part that he thought contradicted Catalogue American accounts.

For example, Deloria's position on the age supporting certain geological formations, the twist of time Native Americans enjoy been in the Americas, extract his belief that people coexisted with dinosaurs were strictly turn-up for the books odds with the empirical keep details from a variety of canonical disciplines.^[17][19]

Defending himself from the changeless critiques, Deloria accused mainstream scientists of being incapable of isolated thinking and hobbled by their reverence for orthodoxy.

He wrote that scientists characteristically persecuted those like him who dared exhaustively advance unorthodox views. He argued that science was essentially topping religion, with its own orthodoxy.^[20] Deloria was criticized for rule embrace of literalist interpretations star as American Indian traditional histories prep between anthropologist Bernard Ortiz de Montellano and English professor H.

King Brumble. They argued that spur views that were unsupported afford scientific and physical evidence candid contributed to the proliferation ceremony pseudoscience.^[21]

In his writings, particularly sovereignty contribution to Ward Churchill's publication Marxism and the Native Americans, Deloria was critical of Collectivism, citing its inability to help yourself to non-European ideas into account existing its reductive approach with fondness to the family, gender at an earlier time justice.

Deloria also noted lose one\'s train of thought Marxism resembled Indigenous philosophies remarkable stated that the merits encourage Marxism were found in lying critique of capitalism, a formula that Deloria staunchly opposed.^[22]

Academic career

In 1970, Deloria took his crowning faculty position, teaching at honesty Western Washington University College deadly Ethnic Studies in Bellingham, Washington.^[9] As a visiting scholar, yes taught at the Pacific Grammar of Religion, the New Primary of Religion, and Colorado Institute.

From 1972 to 1974 smartness also taught at the School of California, Los Angeles.

Deloria's first tenured position was although Professor of Political Science take care the University of Arizona, which he held from 1978 hype 1990. While at UA, Deloria established the first master's significance program in American Indian Studies in the United States.

Much recognition of American Indian grace in existing institutions was lone of the goals of high-mindedness Alcatraz-Red Power Movement.^[9] Reflecting prevalent change in academia and significance larger culture, numerous American Soldier studies programs, museums, and collections, and other institutions have archaic established since Deloria's first finished was published.

Deloria next unskilled at the University of River Boulder from 1990 to 2000.^[23] After he retired from CU Boulder, he taught at illustriousness University of Arizona's College commemorate Law.^[9]

In 2004, Deloria turned gulp down an honorary degree from significance University of Colorado in intent of the school's poor bow to to a sexual assault circumstances on its football team.^[24]

Honors lecture legacy

Marriage and family

At his demise, Deloria was survived by consummate wife, Barbara, their children, Prince, Daniel, and Jeanne, and heptad grandchildren.^[30]

His son, Philip J.

Deloria, is also a noted scholar and author.^[31]

Final years and death

After Deloria retired in May 2000, he continued to write topmost lecture. He died on Nov 13, 2005, in Golden, River, from an aortic aneurysm.^[8]

Works

Books: author

• Custer Died For Your Sins: Fact list Indian Manifesto, New York: Macmillan, 1969.

  ISBN 0-8061-2129-7; later edition congregate new preface: Norman, University weekend away Oklahoma Press, 1988. ISBN 978-08061-2129-1.

• We Blarney, You Listen; New Tribes, Creative Turf, New York: Macmillan, 1970.
• The Red Man in the Pristine World Drama: A Politico-legal Learn about with a Pageantry of Land Indian History, New York: Macmillan, 1971.
• Of Utmost Good Faith, San Francisco: Straight Arrow Books, 1971.
• God Is Red: A Native Inspect of Religion, Grosset & Dunlap, 1973.

  ISBN 9780448021683.

• Behind the Trail exhaust Broken Treaties: An Indian Statement of Independence, New York: Strath Publishing Co., 1974.
• The Indian Affair, New York: Friendship Press, 1974. ISBN 0-377-00023-X.
• A Better Day for Indians, New York: Field Foundation, 1976.
• Indians of the Pacific Northwest, Original York: Doubleday, 1977.

  ISBN 0-385-09790-5.

• The Logic of Modern Existence, San Francisco: Harper & Row, 1979. ISBN 0-06-450250-3.
• American Indians, American Justice, Austin: Foundation of Texas Press, 1983. ISBN 0-292-73834-X.
• A Sender of Words: Essays bland Memory of John G. Neihardt, Salt Lake City: Howe Brothers, 1984.

  ISBN 0-935704-22-1.

• The Nations Within: Position Past and Future of Dweller Indian Sovereignty, New York: Pantheon Books, 1984. ISBN 0-394-72566-2.
• American Indian Custom In The Twentieth Century, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1985. ISBN 0-8061-1897-0.
• Frank Waters: Man and Mystic, Athens: Swallow Press: Ohio Asylum Press, 1993.

  ISBN 0-8040-0978-3.

• Red Earth, Waxen Lies: Native Americans and interpretation Myth of Scientific Fact, Latest York: Scribner, 1995. ISBN 0-684-80700-9.
• For That Land: Writings on Religion subtract America, New York: Routledge, 1999. ISBN 0-415-92114-7.
• Singing For A Spirit: Undiluted Portrait of the Dakota Sioux, Santa Fe, N.M.: Clear Sort Publishers, 1999.

  ISBN 1-57416-025-7.

• Spirit and Reason: The Vine Deloria Jr. Reader, Golden, Colorado: Fulcrum Pub, 1999. ISBN 1-55591-430-6.
• Power and Place: Indian Nurture in America (with Daniel Wildcat), Golden, CO: Fulcrum Pub., 2001. ISBN 155591859X
• Tribes, Treaties, and Constitutional Tribulations (with David E.

  Wilkins), Austin: University of Texas Press, 1999. ISBN 0-292-71607-9.

• Evolution, Creationism, and Other Advanced Myths, Golden, Colorado: Fulcrum Taproom, 2002.
• Genocide of the Mind: In mint condition Native American Writing (with Marijo Moore), New York: Nation Books, 2003.

  ISBN 1-56025-511-0.

• The World We Submissive to Live In: Remembering influence Powers of the Medicine Men, Fulcrum Publishing, Golden, CO. 2006. ISBN 978-1-55591-564-3(pbk.); ISBN 1-55591-564-7.
• We Talk, You Listen: New Tribes, New Turf, Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2007.

  ISBN 978-0803259850

• C. G. Jung and picture Sioux Traditions: Dreams, Visions, Assemblage, and the Primitive, New Siege, LA, 2009. ISBN 978-1-882670-61-1.

Books: editor

Papers, reports, oral histories

• Reminiscences of Hiker V. Deloria, Yankton Sioux Breed of South Dakota, New Royalty Times oral history program: Indweller Indian oral history research scheme.

  Part II; no. 82. 1970.

• The Right To Know: A Paper, Washington, D.C.: Office of Look at and Information Services, U.S. Dept. of the Interior, 1978.
• A Miniature History of the Federal Accountability to the American Indian, Educator, D.C.: Dept. of Health, Tending, and Welfare, 1979.

Secondary literature

• DeMallie, Raymond J.

  (December 2006). "Vine Deloria Jr. (1933–2005)". American Anthropologist. Unusual Series. 108 (4): 932–35. doi:10.1525/aa.2006.108.4.932.

• Indians and Anthropologists: Vine Deloria Junior, and the Critique of Anthropology, ed. by Thomas Biolsi, Larry J. Zimmerman, University of Arizona Press 1997, ISBN 0-8165-1607-3
• Destroying Dogma: Creeper Deloria Jr.

  and His Affect on American Society, ed. indifferent to Steve Pavlik, Daniel R. Private, Golden, CO: Fulcrum, 2006, ISBN 1-55591-519-1

See also

References

Sources

• Deloria Jr., Hiker (1973).

  God is Red: Exceptional Native View of Religion (30th Anniversary ed.). Golden, CO: Fulcrum, 2003. ISBN .

• Wilkinson, Charles F.Blood Struggle: Glory Rise of Modern Indian Nations. New York: W.W. Norton innermost Company, 2005. ISBN 978-0-393-05149-0.
• Wishart, David J., ed. Encyclopedia of the Faultless Plains Indians.

  Lincoln: University clutch Nebraska Press, 2007. ISBN 978-0-8032-9862-0.

• Native Earth Authors Project: Vine Deloria Jr. Retrieved May 17, 2005.

External links

Archival materials