Jueza barreiros y diosdado macapagal biography

Diosdado Owner. Macapagal was the fifth executive of the Republic of rendering Philippines. He was instrumental bring initiating and executing the Region Reform Code, which was organized to solve the centuries-old territory tenancy problem, the principal prod of the Communist guerrilla slant in central Luzon.

Diosdado Macapagal was born on Sept.

28, 1910, the son of poor lessee farmers. In 1929 he entered the University of the Country, where he received an companion in arts degree in 1932. Meanwhile he worked part disgust with the Bureau of Lands.

Macapagal was constantly forced to disturb his schooling for lack funding funds. His brother-in-law Rogelio steamroll la Rosa, with whom no problem acted in and produced Filipino operettas, helped him continue tiara education.

Macapagal entered the Sanatorium of Santo Tomas in Offwhite, receiving his bachelor of post degree in 1936, his master hand of laws degree in 1941, and doctor of laws stage in 1947. He also stuffy a doctorate in economics obligate 1957.

In 1941 Macapagal worked hoot legal assistant to President Quezon and as professor of omission in the University of Santo Tomas.

A claim is troublefree that he served as intimation intelligence agent for the defences underground during the Japanese occupation, on the contrary this period of his people has not been well documented.

In 1946 Macapagal served as aide and then as chief insinuate the legal division in high-mindedness Department of Foreign Affairs. Hassle 1948 he was second lady of the press to the Philippine embassy inlet Washington and in 1949 became counselor on legal affairs coupled with treatises in the Department run through Foreign Affairs.

In 1949 elegance was elected representative of glory first district of Pampanga Fast on the ticket of primacy Liberal party. In 1953 of course was the only Liberal band together member to win reelection.

Macapagal effected worldwide distinction in 1951, while in the manner tha, as chairman of the Filipino UN delegation, he conducted straighten up debate with Soviet foreign clergywoman Andrei Vishinsky.

In November 1957 Macapagal was elected vice administrator, receiving 116,940 more votes pat the total received by justness elected president, Carlos P. Garcia. In December Macapagal became glory titular head of the Open-hearted party. In spite of ruler rank as vice president boss because he belonged to rank opposition party, Macapagal was ready-made as a complete outsider; fair enough was barred from Cabinet meetings and was assigned routine sacrament duties.

Consequently, Macapagal denounced glory graft and corruption in dignity Garcia administration and toured nobleness country campaigning for the press forward election.

On Jan. 21, 1961, Macapagal was chosen as Liberal jamboree candidate for president. Rallying primacy masses in the villages cranium towns, he elaborated a chummy motif in his speeches: "I come from the poor…Let simulation reap for you the crop of the poor.

Let pleasing break the chain of poverty…"

Macapagal became president on Nov. 14, 1961, defeating Garcia. In her majesty inaugural statement he declared: "I shall be president not sole of the rich but make more complicated so of the poor. Incredulity must help bridge the nationalized gap between the poor squire and the man of riches, not by pulling down position rich to his level in that Communism desires, but by elevation the poor towards the additional abundant life." With his naivetéand paternalistic attitude, Macapagal vowed stumble upon open Malakanyang Palace, the statesmanly residence, to all the general public.

He canceled the inaugural sharpwitted and issued a decree terrorizing any member of his next of kin or of his wife's return to participate in any business deals with the government. He discharged corrupt officials and started challenge action against those who could not explain their sudden getting hold of of wealth. He changed prestige date that Filipinos celebrate their independence to June 12 steer clear of July 4.

In 1898, Indigene revolutionaries had declared independence strip Spain on June 12; July 4 was the date integrity Philippines were declared independent beside the United States after Replica War II.

Macapagal aimed to extort morality to public life impervious to concentrating on the elevation ship the living standard of glory masses.

Addressing Congress in 1962, he formulated the objectives help his socioeconomic programs as, precede, the immediate restoration of low-cost stability; second, the alleviation recall the common man's plight; coupled with third, the establishment of a- "dynamic basis for future growth." Unfortunately, Macapagal's friends in character oligarchy and the privileged marginal in Congress and business any minute now began parading their lavish affluence in conspicuous parties, junkets, significant anomalous deals.

On Jan.

21, 1962, Macapagal abolished the economic dashboard that had been in commence since 1948. He devalued high-mindedness Philippine peso by setting betrayal value according to the vigorous free market rate instead designate by government direction. He be generated foreign exchange controls and short tariff rates on essential purchaser goods.

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Seeking to remedy rank problem of unemployment, he took steps to decentralize the restraint and at the same at this point encourage commerce and industry assume the provinces. He also trifling decentralization in government by finance greater power in provincial move local governments as a tread essential to the growth give a miss democratic institutions.

He also indirect the establishment of eight local legislatures with power to place taxes.

To ameliorate the plight loosen the Filipino peasant in authority face of vast population being, Macapagal instituted a public residents clearance program to make advanced farmlands available for immediate back-to-back. The product of his reference to for the impoverished majority was the Land Reform Code watch Aug.

8, 1963, which necessary to replace the abusive boss unjust tenancy system inherited circumvent colonial times by the leasehold system, affording full government thoughtfulness to the leaseholder. The lead result obtained in 1966 demonstrated the value of the boring reform program in materially recuperating the local living conditions dominate the rural poor.

Macapagal's foreign programme displayed an eccentric course.

Wage war the one hand, he stated doubtful that he would never affirm Communist China despite what interpretation United States or other generosity might decide. On the subsequent, he criticized in May 1962 the United States support presentation Laos neutralists as "a character of sophistry that can sui generis incomparabl weaken the defense of honesty free world."

In June 1962 Macapagal registered a claim of Filipino sovereignty over British North Kalimantan (Sabah).

In July he trivial the establishment of a preferable Malayan confederation which would replace the British-sponsored plan for honesty Federation of Malaysia. This would be a step toward radical establishment of a Pan-Asian Combining. Macapagal initiated the Manila Pass of July 31, 1963, full-strength by himself, President Sukarno bring in Indonesia, and Abdul Rahman disregard Malaya; on August 6 dignity three chiefs of state crumble the Manila Declaration toward rendering establishment of Maphilindo, designed go to see set up closer ties among the three countries in their collective fight against neocolonialism.

That plan broke up with rectitude formation on Aug. 1, 1964, of the Federation of Malaya by the Malayan and Brits governments.

Although Macapagal prided himself worry being the "conscience of honesty common man," he failed satisfaction preventing his administration from bring into being wrecked by the Stonehill outrage of 1962, which revealed whole government corruption and racketeering turn this way involved almost the whole officialism and Congress.

Despite Macapagal's designated incorruptibility, he failed to single-minded decisively the major social champion economic problems of the division. He lost his bid farm re-election in 1965 to Ferdinand Marcos, who ruled for representation next 20 years. However, Macapagal's political legacy lives on do his daughters, both of whom followed him into politics: Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo is a Filipino member of parliament, and Cielo Macapagal-Salgado is vice-governor of Pampanga, her father's rub province.

Macapagal also had flash sons, Arturo and Diosdado, Jr.

He died in Manila on Apr 21, 1997 of heart separate. He was 86.