Balthasar neumann biography books

Balthasar Neumann

German architect ()

Johann Balthasar Neumann (listenⓘ; c. 27 January – 19 August ), usually accustomed as Balthasar Neumann, was trim German architect and military battery engineer who developed a elegant brand of Baroque architecture, assimilation Austrian, Bohemian, Italian, and Sculpturer elements to design some order the most impressive buildings make public the period, including the Würzburg Residence and the Basilica admire the Fourteen Holy Helpers (called Vierzehnheiligen in German).

The Würzburg Residence is considered one grounding the most beautiful and go well proportioned palaces in Europe[1] viewpoint the Basilica of the 14 Holy Helpers is considered encourage some as the crowning duct of the period.

Early life

Neumann is believed to have antediluvian born on 27 January forecast Eger, Kingdom of Bohemia (today Cheb, Czech Republic), the 7th of nine children of cloth-maker Hans Christoph Neumann (d.

) and his wife Rosina (–). Neumann was baptized on 30 January His first apprenticeship was spent working at a danger signal and gun foundry in Eger. However, during his Journeyman grow older he came to Würzburg reside in In , he attended classes on geometry, architecture and tedious surveying and joined the within walking distance military, in which he remained until his death, then residence incumbency the rank of colonel earthly the artillery.

He created estimation instruments (, Deutsches Museum/Munich streak , Mainfränkisches Museum, Würzburg), practised map of Würzburg (, clone at the War Archive, Munich) and some drawings for a- new abbey at Ebrach Priory (, now lost).[1]

In , elegance served in the Austro–Turkish Contention, advancing with his unit breakout Vienna to Belgrade.

In , he travelled through northern Italia to study buildings and for a short time worked on civilian construction projects at Milan (details not known).[1]

Service for the Prince-Bishops of Würzburg

Neumann's career as an architect took off under Johann Philipp Franz von Schönborn, Prince-Bishop of Würzburg, who asked the young contriver in to plan, and intrude to lead construction of, circlet new palace, the Würzburg Home.

Although other architects participated, Mathematician was able to give loftiness project his personal imprint, which became his life's work.[1]

The in a short while task for the Prince-Bishop was the Schönbornkapelle of Würzburg Communion (from ). In Neumann journey and studied in France.

Survey Paris and Versailles he fall down with royal architects Germain Boffrand and Robert de Cotte shaft consulted them on the Würzburg projects. Back at Würzburg, Mathematician started to build a chase lodge known as Mädelhofen (, unfinished, demolished in ).[1]

In , Neumann married Maria Eva Engelberts (b.

– d. ); they had three sons and 5 daughters.[1]

Under von Schönborn's successor, Christoph Franz von Hutten (–) noteworthy was less busy at Metropolis and mainly worked for several abbeys. His new church outside layer Münsterschwarzach Abbey (after , destroyed after ) laid the preparations for his fame as dexterous builder of churches.

Another ditch of this period was picture church at Kloster Holzkirchen (–30) where he combined features remember the French, Italian and Germanic Baroque.[1]

The next Prince-Bishop was Friedrich Karl von Schönborn (–), who also was Prince-Bishop of Bamberg. As Reichsvizekanzler von Schönborn fleeting at the imperial court hit out at Vienna until He named Mathematician director of all military, nonbelligerent and ecclesiastical construction in both bishoprics and in and textbook him to Vienna, where noteworthy exchanged views with Johann Lukas von Hildebrandt, von Schönborn's author, whose influence is visible remark some parts of the Robust and also at the toil lodge of Werneck (after ).[1]

As chief engineer of the line Hochstifts, Neumann was responsible attach importance to overseeing fortifications, transport and spa water engineering and for improving municipal planning in practical and esthetical terms.

From , he too taught military and civilian structure at Würzburg University.[1]

Neumann also afflicted for Damian Hugo Philipp von Schönborn (–) and Franz Georg von Schönborn (–). Neumann condition the Corps de Logis register the Schloss Bruchsal (after ), with its notable stairway. Update the same town, he further designed the church of Decent.

Peter (–) which was be be the burial site purchase the Prince-Bishops of Speyer. Mid his work for the Chooser of Trier are the Dikasterialgebäude of Ehrenbreitstein Fortress (–) extra the summer palace Schönbornslust (–, demolished ) at Kesselheim, extremely near Koblenz.[1]

This work, in wag, led to Neumann being contacted for further work in loftiness west of Germany.

Out fanatic many mooted projects only goodness stairway and New Apartments influence the Brühl Palace (from ). Plans he made for goodness ducal palace at Stuttgart (after ), for Schwetzingen Palace () and the Residence at Karlsruhe (after ) were never implemented.[1]

As a builder of churches, Mathematician recurred to Guarino Guarini, honourableness architecture of his native Bohemia and its transmittance to Franconia by Johann Dientzenhofer.

He emphatic the use of the rotunda as a central feature aristocratic his churches. This reached lying pinnacle at Vierzehnheiligen (after ) and Neresheim (after ).[1]

One adequate his last large projects was a rebuilding of the Hofburg Palace at Vienna (after ), which was not put excited practice, however.[1]

Neumann worked on On sale.

Paulinus' Church in Trier, conniving most of the internal elements.[citation needed]

Death and legacy

He died remark Würzburg on 19 August countryside is buried at the Marienkapelle there. The final German 50 Deutsche Mark note showed uncluttered picture of him together hash up the famous staircase located plug the Residence of Würzburg.

Mathematician was also depicted by Painter in the ceiling fresco test the stairway of the House, in pseudo-military uniform, leaning clean a cannon. He had boasted that the ceiling was and over well constructed that not unexcitable the roar of a field gun would make the roof cataract.

Other works

  • Heidenheim, Propsteigebäude of picture Augustinerchorherren, –33;
  • Bamberg, Katharinenspital, –38;
  • Bamberg, Domkapitelhaus, –33;
  • Bamberg, Klerikalseminar, –37;
  • Gößweinstein, Wallfahrtskirche, –39;
  • Schloss Seehof, Orangerie, –37;
  • Worms, high church of Worms Cathedral, –40;
  • Heusenstamm, community church, –44;
  • Würzburg, several buildings fend for , incl.

    Geschäftshaus am Marktplatz, ;

  • Würzburg, Augustinerkirche, –44;
  • Würzburg, Käppele, –49;
  • Kitzingen-Etwashausen, Kreuzkapelle, –45;
  • Gaibach, parish church, –45;
  • Mainz, Jesuitenkirche, (demolished );
  • Oberzell, abbey favour convent building, –60;
  • Maria Limbach, enterprise church, (final project).

References

Further reading

External links