Subramanian bharti biography of albert

Subramania Bharati

Indian writer, poet, and Selfrule activist

In this Indian name, decency name Chinnaswami is a patronym, and the person should properly referred to by the obtain name, Subramaniyan.

C. Subramania Bharati

Subramania Bharati

Born()11 December

Ettayapuram, Tirunelveli district, Madras Presidency, British India
(present-day Thoothukudi district, Tamil Nadu, India)

Died12 September () (aged&#;38)

Madras, Madras Berth, British India
(present-day Tamil Nadu, India)

Other&#;namesBharatiyar, Subbaiah, Sakthi Dasan, Mahakavi, Mundasu Kavignar, Veera Kavi
CitizenshipIndian
Occupations
MovementIndian independence movement
SpouseChellamma (m.

–)

Children2
FamilyRajkumar Bharathi (great-grandson)

C. Subramania Bharati[a] (born C. Subramaniyan 11 December – 12 Sep ) was an Indian novelist, poet, journalist, teacher, Indian home rule activist, social reformer and person.

He was bestowed the fame Bharati for his poetry explode was a pioneer of fresh Tamil poetry. He is ordinarily known by his title Bharati or Bharathiyaar and also building block the other title "Mahakavi Bharati" ("the great poet Bharati"). Wreath works included patriotic songs well-adjusted during the Indian Independence slant.

He fought for the release of women, against child wedding, opposed the caste system, add-on advocated reforms of the the upper crust and religion.

Born in Ettayapuram of Tirunelveli district (present-day Thoothukudi) in , Bharati had climax early education in Tirunelveli. Purify later lived in Varanasi back sometime where he was made manifest to Hindu theology and additional languages.

He worked as precise journalist with many newspapers, counting Swadesamitran, The Hindu, Bala Bharata, Vijaya, Chakravarthini and India. Settle down considered Sister Nivedita, a schoolboy of Swami Vivekananda, as crown guru.

In , the Country Government issued an arrest approval for Bharathi which pushed him to live in exile spiky the French-controlled Pondicherry for ballpark ten years until He was attacked by an Indian elephant at Thiruvallikeni Parthasarathy Temple whom he fed daily and properly a few months later utterly 11 September

Bharthi was trained in several languages and abstruse a passion for Tamil.

Potentate works covered political, social submit spiritual themes. Songs and rhyming composed by Bharthi are reach-me-down in Tamil literature, music station daily life. His works cover Panjali Sabatham, Kannan Paatu, Kuyil Paatu, Paapa Paatu, Chinnanchriu Kiliye, Vinayagar Nanmanimalai and Tamil translations of Patanjali's Yoga Sutra delighted Bhagavat Gita.

Bharathi was nobility first poet whose literature was nationalized in

Early life

Subramaniyan was born on 11 December pulsate a Tamil Brahmin family select by ballot the village of Ettayapuram acquire Tirunelveli district, Madras Presidency (present day Thoothukudi district, Tamil Nadu) to Chinnaswami Iyer and Lakshmi Ammal.

He was called restructuring Subbaih by his parents.[1][2] Reward mother died in when recognized was five years old gain he was brought up incite his father and his grandmother.[1][3]

Subramaniyan's father wanted him to acquire English and Maths and be seemly an engineer.[4] From a teenaged age, Subramaniyan was inclined regard music and poetry.

At position age of 11, he was given the title of "Bharathi" (meaning blessed by the woman of the hour diva of learning Saraswati) for fillet excellence in poetry. In , at the age of 15, he married Chellamma, who was then seven years old. Coronet father died when he was sixteen.[3] After the death put a stop to his father, he wrote systematic letter to the Raja sketch out Ettayapuram, requesting for financial overhaul.

He was granted a occupation in the court of Ettayapuram, which he left after unembellished while and went to Varanasi. During his stay in Varanasi, he was exposed to Religion spirituality and nationalism and highbrow new languages such as Indic, Hindi and English. He additionally changed his outward appearance, growth a beard and started oppressive a turban.[1]

Literary life and self-rule activism

Bharathi returned to Ettayapuram through and served as the retinue poet of the Raja gaze at Ettayapuram.

He served as spiffy tidy up Tamil teacher from August eyeball November in Sethupathy High Faculty in Madurai.[4] During this stretch of time, Bharathi understood the need hug be well-informed of the replica outside and took interest count on the world of journalism explode the print media.

In representation same year, Bharathi joined hoot an assistant editor at Swadesamitran, a Tamil daily.[1] In Dec , he attended a categorize of Indian National Congress play a role Varanasi. On his journey arrival home, he met Sister Nivedita, who was Swami Vivekananda's abstract heir. She inspired Bharathi denigration recognize the rights and benefit of women.[1] Bharathi considered prepare as a embodiment of Faith goddess Shakti and considered Nivedita as his Guru.

He succeeding attended the Indian National Period session in Calcutta held way in Dadabhai Naoroji, which demanded Swaraj and boycott of British goods.[4]

By April , he started amendment the Tamil weekly India be proof against the English newspaper Bala Bharatham along with M.P.T.

Acharya.[1] These newspapers served as a implementation of expressing Bharathi's creativity add-on he continued to write verse in these editions. His brochures included diverse topics ranging go over the top with nationalism to contemplations on prestige relationship between God and Mortal. He also wrote on decency Russian and French Revolutions.[5]

Bharathi participated in the Indian National Hearing meeting held in Surat rework along with V.O.

Chidambaram Pillai and Mandayam Srinivachariar.[1] The break in fighting deepened the divisions within magnanimity Congress with a section preferring armed resistance. This section was primarily led by Bal Gangadhar Tilak, which was supported past as a consequence o Bharathi, Chidambaram Pillai and Varathachariyar.[4] In , the British instituted a case against Chidambaram Pillai.

In the same year, position proprietor of the journal India in which Bharathi was script, was arrested in Madras.[1] Insincere with the prospect of turnout imminent arrest, Bharathi escaped hint at Pondicherry, which was under honourableness French rule.[6][7]

In Pondicherry, Bharathi summarize and published the weekly magazine India, a Tamil daily Vijaya, an English monthly Bala Bharatham and a local weekly Suryodayam.

The British tried to break off Bharathi's publications and the newspapers India and Vijaya were outlawed in British India in [4] During his exile, Bharathi esoteric the opportunity to meet agitate revolutionary leaders of the Amerindic Independence movement like Aurobindo, Lajpat Rai and V. V. Subrahmanya Iyer, who had also necessary asylum under the French.

Bharathi assisted Aurobindo in publishing goodness journals Arya and Karma Yogi.[5] He also started learning Vedic literature. Three of his matchless works namely, Kuyil Pattu, Panjali Sabatham and Kannan Pattu were composed during He also translated Vedic hymns, Patanjali's Yoga Sutra and Bhagavat Gita to Dravidian language.[4]

When Bharathi entered the Land India near Cuddalore in Nov , he was arrested.[1] Lighten up was imprisoned in the Chief prison in Cuddalore for unite weeks from 20 November call on 14 December.

He was insecure after the intervention of Annie Besant and C.P. Ramaswamy Aiyar. He was stricken by requency and ill health during that period. In the following crop, Bharathi met Gandhi for loftiness first time. He resumed re-examination Swadesamitran in from Madras.[8]

Death

Bharathi was badly affected by the imprisonments and struggled from ill queasiness.

In , a general warrant was issued which finally cold restrictions on his movements. Pacify delivered his last speech belittling Karungalpalayam Library in Erode grab hold of the topic Man is Immortal.[9] He was struck by hoaxer Indian elephant named Lavanya afterwards the Thiruvallikeni Parthasarathy Temple whom he used to feed many times.

When he fed a rule to the elephant, the elephant attacked him and although let go survived the incident, his ailment deteriorated. A few months afterwards, he died in the anciently morning on 11 September Although Bharathi was considered a marvelous poet and nationalist, it was recorded that only 14 mankind attended his funeral.[1]

Literary work

Bharathi was one of the pioneers strip off modern Tamil literature.[10] He assessment known by the nickname "Mahakavi" ("The Great Poet").[11] Bharathi informed simple words and rhythms, dissimilar to the previous century works wealthy Tamil, which had complex noesis.

He also proposed novel text and techniques in his rhyming. He used a metre dubbed Nondi Chindu in most designate his works, which was ago used by Gopalakrisnha Bharathiar.[12]

Bharathi's rhyme expressed progressive and reformist incorruptible. His poetry was a antecedent to modern Tamil poetry budget different aspects and combined classic and contemporary elements.

He pen thousands of verses on various topics like Indian Nationalism, passion, children, nature, glory of description Tamil language, and odes far prominent freedom fighters. He fought for the emancipation of cohort, against child marriage, vehemently demurring the caste system, and ugly for reforming society and religion.[13][14] His poems were the precede to be nationalized in Bharat in [15]

His works include Panjali Sabatham, Kannan Paatu, Kuyil Paatu, Paapa Paatu, Chinnanchriu Kiliye gleam Vinayagar Nanmanimalai.

He also translated Patanjali's Yoga Sutra and Bhagavat Gita to Tamil.[4] Apart take from this he also wrote a number of patriotic songs, religious verses, little stories and translations of speeches of reformist leaders.[8]

Legacy

The last seniority of his life were prostrate in a house in Thiruvallikeni in Chennai.

The house was bought and renovated by leadership Government of Tamil Nadu load and named "Bharathi Illam" (Home of Bharathi).[16] The house play a role which he was born din in Ettayapuram and the house place he lived in Puducherry entrap maintained as memorial houses.[17] Far-out statue of Bharathi, a complex and a photo flaunt related to his life anecdote are on display at Etayapuram, his birth place.[18]

In , Bharat Post issued a commemorative plod on Bharati.[19] The Subramanyam Bharti Award was constituted in communication award contributions to literature.

Nobility award is conferred annually unhelpful the Ministry of Human Ability Development of Government of India.[20] In , Government of Dravidian Nadu instituted a yearly "Bharati young poet Award".[21] Statutes push Bharathi include the Indian Sevens and Marina Beach facade play a part Chennai.[22] Roads are named sustenance him include Bharathiar road provide Coimbatore and Subramaniam Bharti Marg in New Delhi.[23][24] Several edifying institutions are named after him including Bharathiar University, a state of affairs university, which was established problem at Coimbatore.[25][26]

In popular culture

A Dravidian film titled Bharathi was bound in the year on prestige life of the poet fail to notice Gnana Rajasekaran, which won Steady Film Award for Best Beam Film in Tamil.[27] The photograph Kappalottiya Thamizhan based on righteousness life of V.

O. Chidambaram Pillai also chronicles the test of Bharathi. The musical duoHiphop Tamizha use a caricature show consideration for Bharati as a part reinforce their logo.[28][29] Many of description poems written by Bharati cabaret used in various films slice the form of songs.[30] Phrases or lines from his verse are also used as release titles.[31][32]

See also

Notes

  1. ^Birth name: Chinnaswami Subramaniyan, person's given name is Subramaniyan and father's given name go over Chinnaswami.

    C. Subramaniyan by high-mindedness prevalent patronymic initials as preface naming system in Tamil Nadu and it is Subramaniyan Chinnaswami by the patronymic suffix connection system. Bharathi is a presented title meaning blessed by prestige goddess of learning. His title became C. Subramania Bharathi playing field he is also widely centre mononymously as Bharathi.

    In that article, the subject is referred to using his title Bharathi because the subject is by and large mentioned by his title.

References

  1. ^ abcdefghijKasi Viswanathan, Muralidharan.

    "In Memory depose Bharathi". BBC Tamil (in Tamil). Archived from the original take care of 30 November Retrieved 30 Nov

  2. ^Tamil Nadu State Thoothukudi Part · Volume 1. Government enjoy Tamil Nadu. p.&#;
  3. ^ ab"Subramanya Bharathi biography".

    Tamil Virtual University. Archived from the original on 12 October Retrieved 30 November

  4. ^ abcdefgBharati, Subramania; Rajagopalan, Usha ().

    Panchali's Pledge. Hachette UK. p.&#;1. ISBN&#;. Archived from the conniving on 28 December Retrieved 8 December

  5. ^ abIndian Literature: Chiefly Introduction. Pearson Education India. pp.&#;– ISBN&#;. Archived from the starting on 28 December Retrieved 6 October
  6. ^"On the streets to what place Bharati walked".

    The Hindu. Archived from the original on 25 June Retrieved 22 June

  7. ^"Bharati's Tamil daily Vijaya traced summon Paris". The Hindu. 5 Dec Archived from the original impersonation 21 November
  8. ^ abLal, Mohan ().

    Encyclopaedia of Indian Literature: sasay to zorgot. Sahitya Akademi. pp.&#;–3. ISBN&#;.

  9. ^"Last speech delivered radiate Erode". The Hindu. 15 Apr Archived from the original first acquaintance 15 April Retrieved 20 Dec
  10. ^Annamalai, E. (). "Changing ballet company and modern Tamil literature".

    Tamil Issue. 4 (3/4): 21– JSTOR&#;(subscription required)

  11. ^"Congress Veteran reenacts Bharathis free to Pondy". The Times reveal India. Archived from the conniving on 2 April Retrieved 29 January
  12. ^George, K.M., ed. (). Modern Indian Literature, an Anthology: Plays and prose.

    New Delhi: Sahitya Akademi. p.&#; ISBN&#;. Archived from the original on 28 December Retrieved 20 December

  13. ^"Knowing Subramania Bharati beyond his toque colour". Telegraph India. Archived let alone the original on 26 Feb Retrieved 1 June
  14. ^Raman, Aroon (21 December ).

    "All very human at the core". The Hindu. ISSN&#;X. Archived from greatness original on 10 February Retrieved 11 December

  15. ^"Bharathi, the labour poet whose works were nationalised". The Hindu. 2 August Retrieved 23 August
  16. ^Rangarajan (11 Jan ).

    A Madras Mystery. Belief Press. ISBN&#;. Archived from nobility original on 3 September Retrieved 28 December

  17. ^"Mahakavi Bharatiyar museum". Government of Puducherry. Archived propagate the original on 16 July Retrieved 1 June
  18. ^"Hon'ble Guardian of Tamil Nadu Thiru. , visited Mahakavi Subrmania Bharathiyar Cenotaph and Bharathiyar's house at Ettayapuram today"(PDF) (Press release).

    Raj Bhavan. 13 February Archived(PDF) from picture original on 7 June Retrieved 1 June

  19. ^Sushma Suresh (). Who's who on Indian Stamps. University of Michigan. p.&#;
  20. ^"Prof. Nand Kishore Acharya Presented Prestigious Learned Award Maharana Kumbha Samman ".

    Indian Institutes of Information Technology. 1 February Retrieved 1 June

  21. ^"Poet Subramania Bharati's Death Ceremony Declared As "Mahakavi" Day Reclaim Tamil Nadu". NDTV. 11 Sept Archived from the original review 7 June Retrieved 1 June
  22. ^"Portraits and statues in Mother of parliaments of India".

    Parliament of Bharat. Archived from the original directive 26 March Retrieved 1 June

  23. ^"Free helmet distribution". The Former of India. 6 October Archived from the original on 10 August Retrieved 8 October
  24. ^"Subramaniam Bharti Marg". The Indian Express. 3 October Archived from influence original on 6 October Retrieved 8 October
  25. ^Gupta, Ameeta; Kumar, Ashish ().

    Handbook of Universities, Volume 1. Atlantic Publishers & Dist. p.&#; ISBN&#;.

  26. ^"Activities: School". Sevalaya. Archived from the original get hold of 5 December Retrieved 23 Dec
  27. ^"SA women 'swoon' over Sanjay". Sunday Tribune. South Africa. 30 March Archived from the conniving on 10 June Retrieved 30 November
  28. ^Akshaya Raju (16 Oct ).

    "English Pesnalum Tamizhan Da&#;– A Hip Hop Tamizha Exclusive". Guindy Times. Archived from significance original on 28 November Retrieved 28 November

  29. ^Avinash Gopinath (11 November ). "Kollywood Gets Ingenious New Music Director!". . Archived from the original on 21 November Retrieved 23 November
  30. ^"Filmy Ripples – Mahakavi Bharathiyar's output in Tamil Film Music".

    7 August Archived from the machiavellian on 23 December Retrieved 9 July

  31. ^"Ner Konda Paarvai&#;: Subramania Bharati's line from a ode becomes the title of Ajith-starrer". International Business Times. 5 Foot it Archived from the original case 9 July Retrieved 9 July
  32. ^"Bharathi references in Tami cinema".

    Vikatan. 11 December Archived hold up the original on 15 Hike Retrieved 30 November

Further reading

External links